In this article, we will see 100 MCQs Quiz about October revolution which is also known as Bolshevik Revolution. The October Revolution was a major political uprising that took place in Russia in 1917. It marked the overthrow of the Provisional Government that had been established following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II earlier that year during the February Revolution. The October Revolution is one of the most significant events in modern history due to its far-reaching impact on Russia and the world. Here we are going to present 100 MCQs quiz about this important revolution in the world's history.
100 MCQs Quiz about October Revolution (Russian Revolution)
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1. In which year did the October Revolution take place?
A) 1914
B) 1916
C) 1917
D) 1918
Ans: C) 1917
2. Which political party led the October Revolution?
A) The Mensheviks
B) The Bolsheviks
C) The Socialist Revolutionaries
D) The Kadets
Ans: B) The Bolsheviks
3. Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution?
A) Joseph Stalin
B) Leon Trotsky
C) Vladimir Lenin
D) Alexander Kerensky
Ans: C) Vladimir Lenin
4. The October Revolution took place in which city?
A) Moscow
B) St. Petersburg
C) Kiev
D) Kazan
Ans: B) St. Petersburg
5. What was the immediate political result of the October Revolution?
A) The establishment of a democratic republic
B) The creation of a constitutional monarchy
C) The formation of the Soviet Union
D) The beginning of the Russian Civil War
Ans: C) The formation of the Soviet Union
6. The October Revolution is also known by which name?
A) The Bolshevik Revolution
B) The Red Revolution
C) The Autumn Uprising
D) The Great October Socialist Revolution
Ans: D) The Great October Socialist Revolution
7. What was one of the key slogans of the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution?
A) "Freedom, Land, and Bread"
B) "Peace, Land, and Bread"
C) "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
D) "Workers of the world, unite!"
Ans: B) "Peace, Land, and Bread"
8. Which event directly preceded the October Revolution?
A) The February Revolution
B) World War I
C) The abdication of Tsar Nicholas II
D) All of the above
Ans: D) All of the above
9. What happened to the Russian Provisional Government as a result of the October Revolution?
A) It was strengthened
B) It was reformed
C) It was overthrown
D) It gained international recognition
Ans: C) It was overthrown
10. Which group opposed the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War that followed the October Revolution?
A) The White Army
B) The Green Army
C) The Black Army
D) The Blue Army
Ans: A) The White Army
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11. What role did Leon Trotsky play in the October Revolution?
A) He was the leader of the Mensheviks
B) He was the main military leader for the Bolsheviks
C) He was a foreign diplomat
D) He was a critic of Lenin
Ans: B) He was the main military leader for the Bolsheviks
12. In the Julian calendar, which date marks the October Revolution?
A) October 25
B) November 7
C) November 11
D) October 12
Ans: A) October 25
13. Which empire collapsed as a result of the October Revolution?
A) The Ottoman Empire
B) The Austro-Hungarian Empire
C) The German Empire
D) The Russian Empire
Ans: D) The Russian Empire
14. What was the main goal of the October Revolution?
A) To end Russia's involvement in World War I
B) To overthrow the provisional government and establish a socialist state
C) To restore the monarchy
D) To expand Russian territory
Ans: B) To overthrow the provisional government and establish a socialist state
15. Which international movement was inspired by the October Revolution?
A) The Fascist movement
B) The Communist movement
C) The Capitalist movement
D) The Nationalist movement
Ans: B) The Communist movement
16. What was the economic policy adopted by the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution?
A) New Economic Policy (NEP)
B) War Communism
C) Perestroika
D) Glasnost
Ans: B) War Communism
17. Which treaty did Russia sign as a result of the October Revolution, leading to its exit from World War I?
A) Treaty of Versailles
B) Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
C) Treaty of Paris
D) Treaty of Trianon
Ans: B) Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
18. What was the effect of the October Revolution on the Russian Orthodox Church?
A) It became the state religion
B) It was separated from the state
C) It gained more followers
D) It was suppressed
Ans: D) It was suppressed
19. Which international organization was established partly as a result of the ideals of the October Revolution?
A) The League of Nations
B) The United Nations
C) The Communist International (Comintern)
D) The European Union
Ans: C) The Communist International (Comintern)
20. What was one of the social reforms that followed the October Revolution?
A) Women's suffrage
B) The abolition of serfdom
C) The introduction of a feudal system
D) The establishment of a caste system
Ans: A) Women's suffrage
21. Which ideology did the Bolsheviks advocate for during the October Revolution?
A) Liberalism
B) Monarchism
C) Communism
D) Fascism
Ans: C) Communism
22. What was the name of the cruiser that played a key role in the October Revolution?
A) RMS Titanic
B) USS Missouri
C) HMS Beagle
D) Aurora
Ans: D) Aurora
23. Who was the Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government overthrown by the October Revolution?
A) Nicholas II
B) Alexander Kerensky
C) Georgy Lvov
D) Peter Stolypin
Ans: B) Alexander Kerensky
24. Where were Lenin and many other Bolshevik leaders in exile before the October Revolution?
A) France
B) Germany
C) Switzerland
D) United States
Ans: C) Switzerland
25. Which major city was seized by the Bolsheviks with minimal resistance during the October Revolution?
A) Kiev
B) Odessa
C) Petrograd (St. Petersburg)
D) Moscow
Ans: C) Petrograd (St. Petersburg)
26. What was one of the key outcomes of the October Revolution in terms of world history?
A) The start of World War I
B) The end of World War I
C) The beginning of the Cold War
D) The spread of socialist ideology
Ans: D) The spread of socialist ideology
27. Which group initially shared power with the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution?
A) The Mensheviks
B) The Left Socialist Revolutionaries
C) The Cadets
D) The Anarchists
Ans: B) The Left Socialist Revolutionaries
28. Who led the White Army against the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War?
A) Anton Denikin
B) Nicholas II
C) Alexander Kolchak
D) All of the above
Ans: D) All of the above
29. What was the key naval fortress taken by the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution?
A) Kronstadt
B) Sevastopol
C) Vladivostok
D) Novorossiysk
Ans: A) Kronstadt
30. What was the main purpose of the Soviet secret police (Cheka), established after the October Revolution?
A) Economic reform
B) Foreign espionage
C) Suppressing opposition
D) Protecting the royal family
Ans: C) Suppressing opposition
31. Which foreign powers intervened in the Russian Civil War against the Bolsheviks?
A) Germany and Austria-Hungary
B) The United States and Japan
C) Britain and France
D) Both B and C
Ans: D) Both B and C
32. What was the role of the soviets (councils) during the October Revolution?
A) They were advisory bodies to the Tsar
B) They were legislative bodies in the provisional government
C) They were local governing bodies that supported the Bolsheviks
D) They were religious councils
Ans: C) They were local governing bodies that supported the Bolsheviks
33. What was the primary reason for the economic crisis in Russia before the October Revolution?
A) The impact of World War I
B) Poor agricultural policies
C) Over-reliance on foreign investment
D) The collapse of the Russian ruble
Ans: A) The impact of World War I
34. Which of the following was a part of Lenin's April Theses?
A) Continuing Russia's participation in World War I
B) Supporting the Provisional Government
C) All power to the soviets
D) Strengthening the monarchy
Ans: C) All power to the soviets
35. What was the 'Red Terror'?
A) A military campaign during World War I
B) A series of strikes and protests
C) A Bolshevik-led campaign of political repression
D) A natural disaster that occurred in 1917
Ans: C) A Bolshevik-led campaign of political repression
36. Who was the main opposition leader against the Bolsheviks in the Petrograd Soviet?
A) Joseph Stalin
B) Julius Martov
C) Leon Trotsky
D) Alexander Kerensky
Ans: B) Julius Martov
37. The October Revolution led to the creation of which government body?
A) The Duma
B) The Council of People's Commissars
C) The Provisional Government
D) The Tsarist Regime
Ans: B) The Council of People's Commissars
38. How did the October Revolution affect the Russian army?
A) It was significantly strengthened
B) It remained neutral
C) It was disbanded
D) It was reorganized under a new command
Ans: C) It was disbanded
39. Which city became the capital of Russia after the October Revolution?
A) Petrograd (St. Petersburg)
B) Moscow
C) Kiev
D) Vladivostok
Ans: B) Moscow
40. Which group primarily supported the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution?
A) The industrial working class
B) The rural peasantry
C) The urban bourgeoisie
D) The aristocracy
Ans: A) The industrial working class
41. What was the Bolsheviks' position on private property post-October Revolution?
A) It was fully supported
B) It was partially restricted
C) It was abolished
D) It was nationalized
Ans: C) It was abolished
42. What was the result of the Russian Constituent Assembly election in 1917?
A) The Bolsheviks won a majority
B) The Socialist Revolutionaries won a majority
C) The Mensheviks won a majority
D) The assembly was never convened
Ans: B) The Socialist Revolutionaries won a majority
43. Who was the head of the Provisional Government overthrown by the October Revolution?
A) Nicholas II
B) Pavel Milyukov
C) Alexander Kerensky
D) Georgy Lvov
Ans: C) Alexander Kerensky
44. What was the primary reason for the disintegration of the Russian army in 1917?
A) Lack of military funding
B) Bolshevik propaganda
C) Defeats in World War I
D) The Tsar's abdication
Ans: C) Defeats in World War I
45. What role did the "Red Guards" play in the October Revolution?
A) They were the main military force of the Bolsheviks
B) They protected the Provisional Government
C) They were a secret police force
D) They were a group of foreign advisors
Ans: A) They were the main military force of the Bolsheviks
46. What impact did the October Revolution have on Russia's participation in World War I?
A) It intensified Russia's war efforts
B) Russia withdrew from the war
C) It had no significant impact
D) Russia switched sides in the war
Ans: B) Russia withdrew from the war
47. Who was Felix Dzerzhinsky?
A) A Menshevik leader
B) The founder of the Cheka
C) A White Army general
D) The first head of the Soviet state
Ans: B) The founder of the Cheka
48. What was the main goal of the Soviet policy of War Communism?
A) Economic liberalization
B) Support for small businesses
C) Consolidation of Bolshevik power and war effort
D) Strengthening trade with other countries
Ans: C) Consolidation of Bolshevik power and war effort
49. Which treaty marked Russia's exit from World War I?
A) Treaty of Versailles
B) Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
C) Treaty of Paris
D) Treaty of Trianon
Ans: B) Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
50. What happened to the Russian monarchy as a result of the October Revolution?
A) It was restored
B) It was exiled
C) It was executed
D) It remained in power in a limited capacity
Ans: C) It was executed
51. What did the slogan "All power to the soviets" signify during the October Revolution?
A) Support for the Provisional Government
B) A call for monarchist restoration
C) Demand for power to local councils
D) A move towards democratic governance
Ans: C) Demand for power to local councils
52. Which city was the center of the October Revolution?
A) Moscow
B) Petrograd (St. Petersburg)
C) Kiev
D) Vladivostok
Ans: B) Petrograd (St. Petersburg)
53. Who were the "Whites" during the Russian Civil War?
A) Bolshevik supporters
B) Tsarist loyalists and anti-Bolshevik forces
C) Foreign intervention forces
D) Peaceful protestors
Ans: B) Tsarist loyalists and anti-Bolshevik forces
54. What was the key role of the Soviet "commissars" introduced after the October Revolution?
A) To serve as military commanders
B) To oversee economic production
C) To enforce Bolshevik policies
D) To manage foreign relations
Ans: C) To enforce Bolshevik policies
55. How did the October Revolution affect land ownership in Russia?
A) Land was redistributed to the peasantry
B) Land remained under noble ownership
C) Land was seized by foreign powers
D) Land ownership was largely unchanged
Ans: A) Land was redistributed to the peasantry
56. What was the primary international reaction to the October Revolution?
A) Widespread support
B) Indifference
C) Economic sanctions
D) Concern and intervention
Ans: D) Concern and intervention
57. What happened to the Russian economy immediately following the October Revolution?
A) Rapid industrialization
B) Economic boom and prosperity
C) Economic collapse and crisis
D) Transition to a market economy
Ans: C) Economic collapse and crisis
58. Who was the main ideologue of the October Revolution besides Lenin?
A) Joseph Stalin
B) Leon Trotsky
C) Nikolai Bukharin
D) Grigori Zinoviev
Ans: B) Leon Trotsky
59. Which city served as the Bolshevik headquarters during the October Revolution?
A) The Smolny Institute in Petrograd
B) The Kremlin in Moscow
C) The Winter Palace in Petrograd
D) The Tauride Palace in Petrograd
Ans: A) The Smolny Institute in Petrograd
60. What was one of the Bolsheviks' key policies regarding the war effort in World War I?
A) Continuation of the war
B) Immediate peace without annexations or indemnities
C) Expanding the war front
D) Forming new alliances
Ans: B) Immediate peace without annexations or indemnities
61. Which significant event in early 1917 set the stage for the October Revolution?
A) The signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
B) The abdication of Tsar Nicholas II
C) The establishment of the Provisional Government
D) The February Revolution
Ans: D) The February Revolution
62. What role did the soviets play immediately following the February Revolution?
A) They supported the continuation of the Tsarist regime
B) They served as local governing bodies in parallel to the Provisional Government
C) They were purely military organizations
D) They were dissolved by the Provisional Government
Ans: B) They served as local governing bodies in parallel to the Provisional Government
63. What did the Bolsheviks promise to the peasants, which gained them significant support?
A) Military protection
B) Land redistribution
C) Financial compensation for crops
D) Improved farming technology
Ans: B) Land redistribution
64. Who was in charge of the Russian Provisional Government immediately before the October Revolution?
A) Alexander Kerensky
B) Pavel Milyukov
C) Prince Lvov
D) Nicholas II
Ans: A) Alexander Kerensky
65. What was the main reason behind the soldiers' support for the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution?
A) Loyalty to the Tsar
B) Desire for land ownership
C) The promise of ending Russia's involvement in World War I
D) Economic incentives
Ans: C) The promise of ending Russia's involvement in World War I
66. Which international group did Lenin see the October Revolution as a part of?
A) The global monarchist movement
B) The worldwide anti-imperialist struggle
C) The international capitalist system
D) The worldwide proletarian revolution
Ans: D) The worldwide proletarian revolution
67. What was one of the first decrees passed by the Bolshevik government after the October Revolution?
A) The Decree on War
B) The Decree on Land
C) The Decree on Industry
D) The Decree on Religion
Ans: B) The Decree on Land
68. What happened to the Constituent Assembly elected in November 1917?
A) It formed the new government
B) It was dissolved by the Bolsheviks
C) It was transformed into the Soviet Congress
D) It was ignored by the Provisional Government
Ans: B) It was dissolved by the Bolsheviks
69. How did the October Revolution affect women's rights in Russia?
A) Women's rights were restricted
B) There was no significant change
C) Women gained equal rights, including suffrage
D) Women were only given limited rights
Ans: C) Women gained equal rights, including suffrage
70. What was the main goal of the Bolsheviks' foreign policy immediately after the October Revolution?
A) To establish diplomatic relations with Western democracies
B) To spread communist revolutions worldwide
C) To isolate Russia from the rest of the world
D) To renegotiate the terms of Russia's involvement in World War I
Ans: B) To spread communist revolutions worldwide
71. Which policy replaced "War Communism" in the 1920s in the Soviet Union?
A) The Five-Year Plans
B) The New Economic Policy (NEP)
C) Collectivization
D) Perestroika
Ans: B) The New Economic Policy (NEP)
72. How did the October Revolution impact the Russian Orthodox Church?
A) It was made the state religion
B) It was suppressed and lost its status as the state church
C) It was merged with other religious institutions
D) It remained unaffected
Ans: B) It was suppressed and lost its status as the state church
73. Who were the main international opponents of the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War?
A) Germany and Austria-Hungary
B) Japan and China
C) Britain and France
D) The United States and Italy
Ans: C) Britain and France
74. What was the main reason for economic difficulties in Russia after the October Revolution?
A) The continuation of World War I
B) Trade embargoes by Western countries
C) The implementation of War Communism
D) Natural disasters
Ans: C) The implementation of War Communism
75. Which group did the Bolsheviks struggle to win over during and after the October Revolution?
A) The urban working class
B) The rural peasantry
C) The military officers
D) The industrialists
Ans: B) The rural peasantry
76. How did the October Revolution affect art and culture in Russia?
A) It led to a flourishing of traditional Russian culture
B) There was a suppression of all forms of art and culture
C) It sparked a period of avant-garde and revolutionary art
D) Western cultural influences became more dominant
Ans: C) It sparked a period of avant-garde and revolutionary art
77. Which foreign leader was sympathetic to the Bolsheviks' cause during the October Revolution?
A) Woodrow Wilson
B) Kaiser Wilhelm II
C) Vladimir Lenin
D) Karl Liebknecht
Ans: D) Karl Liebknecht
78. What was the primary mode of transportation used by the Bolsheviks to spread their message during the revolution?
A) Horses
B) Trains
C) Automobiles
D) Boats
Ans: B) Trains
79. What was the role of the Petrograd Soviet in the October Revolution?
A) It opposed the Bolsheviks' rise to power
B) It served as a provisional governing body supporting the Bolsheviks
C) It was a diplomatic body negotiating peace with Germany
D) It was the main military force against the Bolsheviks
Ans: B) It served as a provisional governing body supporting the Bolsheviks
80. Which crisis in early 1917 significantly weakened the Tsarist regime and paved the way for the October Revolution?
A) The Bread Crisis
B) The Russo-Japanese War
C) The Abdication Crisis
D) The Baltic Fleet Mutiny
Ans: A) The Bread Crisis
81. What was the relationship between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks?
A) Close allies
B) Different factions within the same party
C) Rival factions within the socialist movement
D) No relation
Ans: C) Rival factions within the socialist movement
82. What was the immediate effect of the October Revolution on the Russian economy?
A) Rapid industrialization
B) Economic boom
C) Economic stagnation
D) Economic turmoil and breakdown
Ans: D) Economic turmoil and breakdown
83. The October Revolution led to the end of which dynasty?
A) The Romanov Dynasty
B) The Rurik Dynasty
C) The Ming Dynasty
D) The Habsburg Dynasty
Ans: A) The Romanov Dynasty
84. What was one of the Bolsheviks' key international policies following the October Revolution?
A) Strengthening ties with the Western powers
B) Promoting world revolution
C) Isolationism
D) Aligning with the Central Powers
Ans: B) Promoting world revolution
85. Which city was a stronghold of anti-Bolshevik forces during the Russian Civil War?
A) Moscow
B) Petrograd
C) Omsk
D) Kiev
Ans: C) Omsk
86. Who was the leader of the White Army in the South of Russia during the Civil War?
A) Anton Denikin
B) Alexander Kolchak
C) Lavr Kornilov
D) Nikolai Yudenich
Ans: A) Anton Denikin
87. What was the impact of the October Revolution on the global labor movement?
A) It discouraged labor movements worldwide
B) It led to the weakening of labor unions
C) It inspired labor uprisings and the formation of communist parties
D) It had no significant impact
Ans: C) It inspired labor uprisings and the formation of communist parties
88. Which policy of Lenin's government aimed to alleviate the food shortage crisis in cities?
A) War Communism
B) The NEP (New Economic Policy)
C) The Land Decree
D) The Grain Requisition Policy
Ans: D) The Grain Requisition Policy
89. What was the status of the Russian economy by the end of the Civil War?
A) It had fully recovered
B) It was in ruins
C) It had transitioned to a free market economy
D) It was dominated by foreign investments
Ans: B) It was in ruins
90. Which group was primarily responsible for the Red Terror following the October Revolution?
A) The White Army
B) The Bolsheviks
C) The Mensheviks
D) Foreign intervention forces
Ans: B) The Bolsheviks
91. What was the Kronstadt Rebellion of 1921?
A) A peasant uprising against the Bolsheviks
B) A mutiny by naval forces against Bolshevik policies
C) A foreign-backed coup attempt
D) A Bolshevik campaign against the White Army
Ans: B) A mutiny by naval forces against Bolshevik policies
92. What significant change did the October Revolution bring about in the structure of the Russian government?
A) The establishment of a constitutional monarchy
B) The creation of a federal republic
C) The formation of a communist one-party state
D) A return to Tsarist autocracy
Ans: C) The formation of a communist one-party state
93. Which foreign country was the first to recognize the Soviet government after the October Revolution?
A) The United States
B) Germany
C) France
D) Great Britain
Answer: B) Germany
94. How did the October Revolution affect the Russian Orthodox Church's role in society?
A) It was elevated to a state religion
B) It was largely suppressed
C) It remained unchanged
D) It was separated from the state but retained influence
Ans: B) It was largely suppressed
95. What was the Soviet Union's first constitution called, adopted after the October Revolution?
A) The Stalin Constitution
B) The Lenin Constitution
C) The Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic Constitution
D) The Soviet Union Treaty
Ans: C) The Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic Constitution
96. How did the October Revolution impact Russia's territorial integrity?
A) It led to significant territorial expansion
B) It resulted in substantial territorial losses
C) There was no change in territory
D) It only affected internal administrative divisions
Ans: B) It resulted in substantial territorial losses
97. What was the main challenge faced by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution?
A) Implementing economic reforms
B) Gaining international recognition
C) Winning the Civil War
D) Addressing famine and shortages
Ans: C) Winning the Civil War
98. Which social group was particularly targeted during the Red Terror?
A) Bolshevik sympathizers
B) The peasantry
C) Former Tsarist officials and the bourgeoisie
D) Foreign nationals
Ans: C) Former Tsarist officials and the bourgeoisie
99. What was the role of the Cheka, established after the October Revolution?
A) It was the Bolsheviks' secret police force
B) A diplomatic corps
C) An economic advisory body
D) A cultural and propaganda organization
Ans: A) It was the Bolsheviks' secret police force
100. What was the main foreign policy objective of the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution?
A) Expansion of the Russian Empire
B) Immediate peace with the Central Powers
C) Alliance with Western powers
D) Spreading revolution globally
Ans: B) Immediate peace with the Central Powers