prep4ias

Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj (1657-1689)

Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj (1657-1689) 1

Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj, also known as Sambhaji Bhosale, was the eldest son of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, the founder of the Maratha Empire in western India. He was born in 1657 in Purandar fort to Shivaji and his first wife Saibai. Unfortunately, Saibai passed away when Sambhaji was only two years old and he was then ... Read more

Britain and Europe in the 19th Century

Britain and Europe in the 19th Century 2

Britain and France became allies after 1815, the same conditions were not the strictly the case for the un-unified states of Germany, Austria and Italy, who had diplomatic ties between smaller principalities and states, and were not all ceded to major powers in Europe. The peace of mid 1815 had ended 65 years of conflict ... Read more

UDID (Unique ID for Persons with Disability) Project

UDID (Unique ID for Persons with Disability) Project 3

The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Government of India, introduced the Unique ID for Persons with Disability (UDID) Project in 2016. There are 2.68 crore people with disabilities in India, or little more than 2% of the population, according to the 2011 Census. No information about PwDs' ... Read more

End of the Napoleonic Wars: Europe after Napoleon

End of the Napoleonic Wars: Europe after Napoleon 4

The end of the Napoleonic Wars had of course the victor’s diplomatic reactions and the accountabilities of the vanquished. Napoleon, having surrendered literally unconditionally, was jailed on St. Helena Island where there was no hope of another escape and a revival of his dictatorship. A group or Alliance of the major powers would meet to ... Read more

The Napoleonic Wars(1803-1815): Peninsula Wars and the Fifth Coalition

The Napoleonic Wars(1803-1815): Peninsula Wars and the Fifth Coalition 6

During the French Revolutionary Wars, many states in Europe created alliances to resist French expansionary ambitions. The French Revolution had ended in 1799, but the Revolutionary Councils and Assemblies in their different forms had continued in the name of the Revolutionary people and Napoleon Is’ Grand Armee. Those elements sympathetic to the monarchy and its ... Read more

Unique Land Parcel Identification Number Scheme (ULPIN)

Unique Land Parcel Identification Number Scheme (ULPIN) 8

The ULPIN programme, which stands for Unique Land Parcel Identification Number Scheme, started in 2021. It is a component of the 2008-started Digital India Land Records Modernization Program (DILRMP). By the end of 2022, the Department of Land Resources of the Ministry of Rural Development aspires to have it operating in all states and UTs. ... Read more